This project aims at developing the world’s most efficient, accurate and highly sensitive single nanoplatforms integrating heaters and thermometers. It focuses on the production of size and shape controlled i) lanthanide doped thermometric nanocrystals (oxides, fluorides, phosphates and vanadates) and ii) plasmonic heaters of Au nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanorods, nanostars and nanoshells), which will be subsequently integrated into single efficient nanoplatforms. The final nanoplatforms are intended to have the capability of thermal sensing, cellular imaging and controlled local heating at the level of a single particle or a cluster of a few nanoparticles in live cells and tissues. This is innovative and unprecedented because the existing nanoplatforms in the field have severe performance limitations for applications in nanomedicine, e.g., local hyperthermia.